Diazodinitrophenol Manufacturer & Supplier
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From its plant in Karatay/Konya, TÜRKİYE, BÖRÜ Defense makes Diazodinitrophenol and delivers it to defence manufacturers worldwide. A certificate of analysis and a safety data sheet accompany every consignment; export documents are drawn up for each destination country.
What is Diazodinitrophenol?
Diazodinitrophenol (DDNP) was the first diazo compound produced; it was subsequently used to make dyes and explosives. It forms yellow crystals in pure form; however, the color of impure forms may vary from dark yellow to green to dark brown. It is soluble in acetic acid, acetone, concentrated hydrochloric acid, most non-polar solvents and is slightly soluble in water.
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About Diazodinitrophenol
A solution of cold sodium hydroxide may be used to destroy it. DDNP may be desensitized by immersing it in water, as it does not react in water at normal temperature. It is less sensitive to impact but more powerful than mercury fulminate and almost as powerful as lead azide. The sensitivity of DDNP to friction is much less than that of mercury fulminate and lead azide.
DDNP is used with other materials to form priming mixtures, particularly where a high sensitivity to flame or heat is desired. DDNP is often used as an initiating explosive in propellant primer devices and is a substitute for lead styphnate in what are termed “green” or “non-toxic” (lead free) priming explosive compositions. Lead free primers have been judged as inadequate for service use in firearms due to weak and uneven initiation compared to lead based primers.
Diazodinitrophenol Manufacturer
Why choose us for diazodinitrophenol?
- Defence-Grade Laboratory
- Experience
- High Quality
- Right on Time
History of Diazodinitrophenol
Diazodinitrophenol was first prepared in 1858 by the German chemist Peter Griess, in the course of the work that opened up the chemistry of diazo compounds. For decades its importance was mainly scientific and industrial, as that chemistry became the basis of the synthetic azo dye industry.
Its value as an initiating explosive was recognised much later. In the early 1920s it was proposed and patented in the United States for use in detonators, and commercial blasting caps containing it came onto the market in the following years. It gave manufacturers an alternative to mercury fulminate that contained no heavy metal. A new phase began towards the end of the twentieth century, when concern about airborne lead at indoor shooting ranges led ammunition makers to develop lead-free primers. DDNP became the most widely used initiating substance in them.
What are the Uses of Diazodinitrophenol?
DDNP is used in two main product groups: detonators and primers. In commercial blasting it serves as the initiating charge in detonators for mining, quarrying, tunnelling and construction work, and in several countries it is one of the principal substances used for this purpose. Military detonators and some fuze components have used it in the same way.
In small-arms ammunition it is the usual initiating ingredient of lead-free primers. These are chosen for indoor ranges, for police and military training facilities, and for sporting ammunition marketed as low in toxic residues, where the aim is to reduce the lead exposure of shooters and range staff. Its earlier role as an intermediate in dye chemistry is now mainly of historical interest.
Advantages of Diazodinitrophenol
- It contains no lead, mercury or other heavy metal, so its combustion products do not add to heavy-metal pollution of the air and soil at shooting ranges.
- It is compatible with the common metals used in detonator and primer hardware, unlike lead azide, which needs care around copper alloys.
- It is not hygroscopic, so it keeps its properties during storage in humid climates.
- It can be stored and transported wet, which greatly lowers the risk during logistics.
- Its initiating strength is high for an organic compound, which is why it has remained in service in commercial detonators for about a century.
Disadvantages of Diazodinitrophenol
- It is a primary explosive, sensitive to impact, friction, flame and static electricity, so it can be handled only in licensed facilities with specialised safety measures.
- It darkens and degrades on exposure to sunlight, so it has to be stored protected from light.
- Its thermal stability is lower than that of lead azide or lead styphnate, which limits its use in high-temperature applications.
- It is not a drop-in replacement for lead-based substances. Primer and detonator designs have to be reworked around it, and qualification for military service is demanding.
- As a nitroaromatic compound it is harmful to health, and effluents from its production are strongly coloured and toxic, so they need dedicated treatment.
- It is classed as a Class 1 dangerous good, is normally shipped wetted, and is subject to explosives licensing, export controls and end-user checks.
Diazodinitrophenol specifications
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| CAS number | 4682-03-5 |
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